Birth Brachial Plexus Palsy
Birth brachial plexus palsy is a nerve injury affecting a baby’s arm during childbirth, leading to weakness or limited movement. Early treatment helps improve recovery, strength, and normal arm function.
This condition occurs when the nerves controlling the shoulder, arm, and hand are stretched or injured during delivery. It is often associated with difficult or prolonged labor. Babies may show reduced arm movement, weak grip, or an abnormal arm position. In some cases, the condition improves naturally, but others may need therapy or surgery. Early diagnosis is important to avoid long-term weakness or stiffness. Proper treatment helps restore movement, strength, and function.
Birth Brachial Plexus Palsy – Types
Upper Nerve Injury
- This affects the upper part of the nerve network controlling the shoulder and elbow.
- The baby may not be able to lift the arm or bend the elbow properly.
- The arm may appear rotated inward with limited movement.
- It is the most common type of brachial plexus injury.
- Mild cases may recover with physiotherapy.
- Severe cases may require surgical repair.
Lower Nerve Injury
- This affects the nerves controlling the hand and wrist.
- The baby may have a weak or absent grip.
- Finger movement can be limited or absent.
- In some cases, it may also affect sensation in the hand.
- Recovery depends on the severity of nerve damage.
- Treatment may include therapy or surgery.
Total Brachial Plexus Palsy
- This involves damage to all the nerves of the arm.
- The entire arm may be weak or completely immobile.
- There may be loss of sensation and muscle control.
- It is a more severe condition requiring early intervention.
- Surgery is often needed to restore function.
- Rehabilitation plays a key role in recovery.
Why Early Consultation Matters
Early diagnosis helps identify the severity of nerve injury and start the right treatment. Timely care improves nerve healing and prevents stiffness or permanent weakness. Specialized treatment ensures better recovery of arm movement and function. Delayed care can reduce the chances of full recovery.